Causes of the French Revolution :: essays research papers

Causes of the French RevolutionThe statement citing the essential cause of the French Revolution as the "collision between a powerful, rising bourgeoisie and an entrenched nobility defending its privileges" has great pertinence in summarizing the conflict of 1789. The causes of theFrench Revolution, being provoked by this collision of powers, was the Financial debt of the government and the long-standing political differences in the government.Over the course of twenty-five years after the Seven Years War, the government of France--the Bourgeoisie royalty, could not manage its finances on a sound basis. This was worsened when France aided the American Revolution against Great Britain. The Government had reached great financial debt. The problem be and continued because of the governments inability to tap the wealth of the French nation by taxation. There was a great paradox in France being a juicy nation with a government in poverty. The deteriorating finances of the gov ernment is what triggered the prolonged differences between the Bourgeoisie and the aristocracy.The political differences between the monarchy and the nobles came about after the Seven Years war also. The increasing debt of the government escalated the hope for the monarchy to resume a "absolute power" status as it did with Louis XIV. However this could not be accomplished because of the doubt that the prevalent had towards the present kings Louis XV and Louis XVI, and the public could not be swayed to help. The only result of the attempts for absolutism by the monarchy were a series of new and increase taxes on the nobles. The aristocracy immediately reacted to these taxes as declaring them unfair and would not accept them. Louis XV began with a series of Financial advisors chancellors which all had the intention of saving the monarchy from financial ruin. They made more attempts at taxation, such as a land tax, but each of these were defeated by the nobles -- the Parlem ents were even destroyed for a brief time, but were after restored by Louis XVI in attempt to gain public support. The government continued to become poorer and poorer and it seemed the only successful taxation was done towards the peasants, whom had the least money. The monarchy lastly fell and caused great unrest

Womens Emacipation In Asia :: essays research papers

Have Women Gained Emancipation in Asian Countries?This is a question Ive been asking myself a bit recently. But what is emancipation? Emancipation is equality amongst gender the right of women to be hard-boiled the same as men. But in this part of the world is this happening? In umteen modern, more developed countries, women are more likely to be treated the same and given the same opportunities in education and employment. But in less(prenominal) developed countries, throng are still prejudiced towards women, seeing them as if they have a lower value than men.Nowadays in nearly each Asian country, women have the right to vote and the right to have the same education as men. Many schools in Asia are now entitled to be single sex schools, in an effort to encourage people to give their daughters a good education. Many Asian countries have also recognised women as their leaders, Indira Gandhi in India, Benazir Bhutto in Pakistan and Aun San Soo-kyi in Burma, etc.But as much as I h ate to admit it, even in my country, Indonesia, women are treated differently to men. Women are more likely to be kept at home and raised to be housewives. Women may be given the same opportunities in education, but still the best jobs are given to men. Old ways and ancient traditions, where men are entitled to work and make a financial backing for their families can perhaps explain this.The subject of female emancipation arose during the recent Indonesian presidential election. Before Ms. Megawati was nominated as one of the candidates, many people who claimed to be political experts didnt believe that a woman had the ability to lead a nation, as if they had forgotten Indira Gandhi and Benazir Bhutto. Their reasons and excuses were contrived and silly, which made them look foolish. They say that there is a religious law, which forbids women to lead a country. Thankfully many people didnt recognise such a law.To many people it was a surprise when Ms. Megawati did stand for the ele ction and still more so when she lost. To top it all, she was expected by many to win, since her political party was the ultimate winner. Many worldwide experts believed that she could help bring Indonesia out of its economic depression, but it was not to be.It is difficult to know why women are treated differently, it is a deep rooted heathen thing.

Globalization and the Environment Essay -- Environmental Ecology Pollu

Economy is not a separate thing from production, consumption and exchange. Economics pays no attention to goods and services provided by nature, air, water, soil and sunlight that produce everything we need for survival and all the riches we are able to accumulate. What is the cost of globalization to the environment? Does globalization have the said(prenominal) goals for a healthy planet and justice for people?Timothy Taylor writes, Moreover, large multinational companies typically do not perceive it to be in their self-centeredness to seek out locations where they can pollute most heavily. He goes on to explain that these companies have a design in space with pollution-control that meets the standards of countries with strict environmental laws. He thinks that globalization is helping to improve standards in low-income countries of environment and labor rather than to hinder them. Also, that globalization makes the world a more peaceful place because of the connections between people that are created.The 200 largest companies in the world employ less than 1% of the global workforce, but they control more than of the worlds wealth, write Suzuki and Dressel. The larger companies are operating globally without interference and using up the natural resources with cheap labor overseas. Corporations are no longer affiliated to the local economies but to international laws that have been set up to their advantage. The wealth that once was distributed to the good of public welfare is now being rerouted to the corporations through their focus on policies of government. The current system is allowing corporations to make the rules of global economic activity. According to John Cavanaugh, author of Global Dreams Not only are these corpor... ...ebody comes up with a viable solution? The world is becoming smaller and smaller every day and perhaps the History books of the future will look at this age and wonder how we could have been so ignorant as to let the wo rld die.Works CitedBright, Christopher, (2001), Biological adversity the hidden costs of Trade and economic globalization, Harvard internationalist Review, Winter 2001, pp 24-27.Grennes, Thomas, (2003), Creative Destruction and Globalization, Cato Journal, Winter 2003, pp.543-558Newcomb, W. W. (1961) The Coahuiltecans South Texas, the Indians of Texas From Prehistoric to Modern Times, Austin, TX UT Press, 1961Suzuki, D., & Dressel, H., (1999), From naked ape to superspecies. Toronto, Canada Stoddard Publishing Co., Limited Taylor, Timothy (2002), The truth close globalization, Public Interest, Spring 2002, pp. 24-44.

Use of Math in Auto Racing Essay -- mathematics math car racing

mathematicsematics is found everywhere in life and work and auto messnonb alone along isno exception. There are many applications of math in racing.The purpose of racing is to win and in redact to do that there must be a lot of math involved. If you dont use math and use it correctly then you pass on not win.Mathematics is involved in racing in two ways, the cable car setup and scoring an measurements. The car setup involves labour pressure, down force, wedge, aerodynamic Drag, camber, track bar and valance. The scoring system excessively uses math.In addition to scoring math is also used to measure different racing relatedsubjects such as car weight, gas fuel consumption rate time interval, qualifying, and the track characteristics.Tire pressure is used as a setup tool that is akin to adjusting spring rates inthe vehicles suspension. Increasing the gentle wind pressure in the tyres raises the spring rate in the tire itself and changes the vehicles handling characteristics. In order foroptimal performance the teams must know the proper p.s.i ( pull per square inch)for a certain tire on a certain track for a certain air temperature.Math is also used in measuring the downforce. Downforce is the air pressure traveling over the surface of the car. This air pushes the car downwards which createsthe term downforce. The greater the psi the greater the downforce which creates bettertire grip for higher speeds through turns.Wedge is another racing term that relies on math. Wedge refers to the relationship from corner to corner of the weight of the car. The weight on any corner of the vehicle affects the weight of the other three corners in direct proportion. The wedge determineshow the car handles by either stiffening the wedge or loosening it up.Aerodynamic drag is another math related racing factor. A number that is a coefficient of several factors indicates how well a car will travel through the air is theaerodynamic drag. Teams use specific tests to deter mine how to achieve the least amount of drag on the car in order to obtain the fastest speed possible.Math is involved in the camber of a tire which is also very critical in creating the fastest car possible. Camber is the angle at which a tire makes contact with the track surface. The camber varies from tire to tire dep... ... degree of the angle of the track, usually the banking is thesteepest in the turns. The banking can range from 0 degrees to 34 degrees which is significant to the team when preparing for a race.Math is very important in the world of racing. In order to be the intimatelycompetitive teams must know how to use math and use it correctly.Incorrect calculations can cause dismal performance, fines and be dangerousto the driver. Due to these reasons race teams feature no error in calculationsand always make sure to use the math to their advantage. Math is used in different ways in racing. Math is used to determine the proper setup of a car and is used to determinet he scoring and measurements of racing subjects. The car setup involves math in the tire pressure, downforce, wedge, aerodynamic drag, camber, track bar and the valance. Math is used in the scoring to determine how many points a driver receives each race and is used in measuring the car weight, gas mileage, time interval, qualifying and the track specifications. All of these are just some of the many examples of how math isrelevant in all areas of life including auto racing.

James Baldwins Fifth Avenue, Uptown Essay -- Nobody Knows My Name, Ja

In his collection of essays in Nobody Knows My Name, James Baldwin uses Fifth Avenue, Uptown to wee the focus that African Americans no matter where they are positioned would be judged just by the color of their skin. Through his effective use of descriptive word choice, write style and tone, Baldwin helps the reader visualize his position on the subject. He argues that Negroes want to be treated like men (Baldwin, 67). Baldwin gives a vivid sketch of the demoralise conditions he grew up on in Fifth Avenue, Uptown by using strong descriptive words. He makes use of such word choices in his beginning sentences when he reflects back to his house which is now replaced by housing projects and one of those stunted city trees is snarling where our his doorway used to be (Baldwin...

James Baldwins Fifth Avenue, Uptown Essay -- Nobody Knows My Name, Ja

In his collection of essays in Nobody Knows My Name, James Baldwin uses Fifth Avenue, Uptown to establish the focus that African Americans no matter where they are positioned would be judged just by the color of their skin. Through his effective use of descriptive word choice, writing style and tone, Baldwin helps the ratifier visualize his position on the subject. He argues that Negroes want to be treated like men (Baldwin, 67). Baldwin gives a vivid sketch of the depressing conditions he grew up on in Fifth Avenue, Uptown by using strong descriptive words. He makes use of such word choices in his beginning sentences when he reflects back to his house which is now replaced by housing projects and one of those stunted city trees is snarling where our his doorway used to be (Baldwin...

Explore how Friel uses language Essay

Explore how Friel has used language in order to create humour and other emotional responses in the audience? Focus particularly on the exchange amidst Yolland and Marie in Act 2 scene 2. In this essay I intend to explore the relationship between Marie and Yolland. I inadequacy to examine how the overall structure of the language presents a comical piece for the audience to watch and discover how the couple overcome the language barrier to unify on a much deeper level. I would as well as like to explore at how they convey their emotions without verbal understanding.Then finally I would like to look at the way in which Friel provokes emotional responses in the audience. In a short play like Translations, the focus of the drama is on ever ever-changing relationships demonstrated through language and conversation. If we ask the relationship between Yolland and Marie and focus on their characters we acquire how different and individual they each are. The couple, prove to be civil ize opposites of angiotensin converting enzyme another. Yolland is an English soldier who has a romantic outlook on the world, whereas Maire is an Irish milkmaid who has a pragmatic view of the world.Yet some(prenominal) are similar in many ways, they both have hopes, dreams and fears. If we refer to the previous meeting between the couple (End of Act 2 Scene 1 from p58) we find the section where Maire and Yolland first talk to each other. This demonstrates the difficulties faced when attempting to talk to someone from another culture. We know they are speaking in different languages and are low by what the other is saying, whilst Owen is tries to act as an go-between and translator for them. After Act 2 Scene 1, the couple are next seen together, after the dance, nerve-racking to talk to each other.This scene is a intensely emotional love scene between the couple and is withal a exquisite examination of the barriers between language and communication. The scene opens with the couple, running hand in hand and Marie exclaiming O my God, that leap across the ditch nearly killed me and Yolland replies with I could scarcely guard up with you. So that when the couple first speak, the dialogue is so highly skilled and the syntax is so well structured that it appears to the audience that they understand one another.The opposite is in fact true yet they seem to be making perfect sense. This creates a sense of confusion for the audience as we know, verbally they have little understanding of each others language. As the scene progresses Marie and Yolland realise their embarrassment. Before each speaks once again their hands disengage and they study one another. Then follows a pause. This displays the hesitancy and the discomfort that the couple are sense of smelling. Each is unsure of what the other is saying yet the following lines say precisely the same things in two completely different languages.Their lines intertwine and the responses are infact an illusi on created by the lyrical poise and exact parallel balance. The couples observations are alike based on very different realities, an example being Marie saying The kitty must be wet. My feet are soaking and Yolland retorting with Your feet must be wet. The grass is soaking. Here if we look at the grammar, we know these lines mirror one another and we see how the playwright has developed this by just simply rearranging the subject and express to create this syntactic parallel equivalence.This humour is present throughout and this romantic exchange lightens what is quite a serious, political play. However the two characters are both symbols for two different cultures and apart from the language barrier they are divided by underlying conflict. In my opinion this also draws them together. What follows from here between them bears a striking resemblance to the discourse between Manus and Sarah in the opening act. They start with their names George (Yolland) Lieutant George. (Marie) T hey use basic and simple language and I feel this is done as the playwright is trying to provoke a sympathetic response from the audience. As with Manus and Sarah, the dialogue is drawn out, slow, yet humouress. Yet is also a display of tenderness and affection and is a way of making themselves known. This relates to the overall theme of identity within the play. If we look at the grammar we find again it is makes use of broken grammar, fragmented sentences and short turn taking roles. Together this creates tension in the audience.Friel makes use of this simple language again later on in the scene with the use of water, earth and fire after Maire tries to communicate in Latin. It is after both Yolland and Maire both confess Say anything at all. I love the sound of your speech and when they both end their unsuccessful attempting at communicating with an exasperated Oh my god, it becomes clear just how close a bond the two have begun to form. It is from here that the notion of non-ve rbal communication is effective.The splendour of this scene lies in the fact that, however meaningless words many be, proboscis language and emotions are universal and can bridge the language barrier. Each becomes increasingly frustrated with their inability to communicate. As they do attempt to talk in that respect is plenty of confusion and misinterpretation within the conversation. An example being the plentiful use of what-what? Sorry-sorry? Just as in the previous scene. These two uncomplicated lines also bring about comic and compassion within the audience. Although the difference in this scene is that they have dispensed with Owen.

Homosexuality and God Essay

LGBT is an initialism that collectively refers to the lesbian, gay, bi internal, and trans sexual urge community. In use since the 1990s, the consideration LGBT is an adaptation of the initialism LGB, which itself started replacing the phrase gay community beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s, which numerous within the community in question felt did not accurately represent all those to whom it referred. The initialism has become mainstream as a self-designation and has been adopted by the legal age sexuality and g odd handster individualism-establish community centers and media in the United States and more or less other English-speaking countries.The term LGBT is intended to emphasize a diversity of sexuality and gender identity-based lasts and is sometimes use to refer to anyone who is non- straightaway or cisgender instead of exclusively to people who be homosexual, bisexual, or transgender. To discern this inclusion, a popular variant adds the letter Q for those who re cognise as queer and/or be questioning their sexual identity as LGBTQ, recorded since 1996. In Malaysia, LGBT rights are partially recognized. LGBT individuals encompass all races and ethnicities, religions, and friendly classes.Sexual predilection and gender identity questions are not asked on most national or State surveys, making it difficult to estimate the fall of LGBT individuals and their health needs. Research suggests that LGBT individuals face health disparities linked to societal stigma, discrimination, and denial of their civil and human rights. Discrimination against LGBT individuals has been associated with high rates of psychiatric disorders, substance abuse, and suicide. Experiences of wildness and victimization are frequent for LGBT individuals, and soak up long-lasting effects on the individual and the community.Personal, family, and social acceptance of sexual orientation and gender identity affects the psychical health and personal safety of LGBT individua ls. It is important to recognize the difference mingled with sexual orientation and sexual behavior as well as the differences among sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender role. Sexual orientation is the affectional or loving hook to another person. It can be considered as ranging along a continuum from same-sex attr identification numberion only at one end of the continuum to pposite-sex attraction only at the other end.Heterosexuality is the attraction to persons of the opposite sex quirk, to persons of the same sex and bisexuality, to both sexes. Sexual orientation can be seen as part of a continuum ranging from same-sex attraction only (at one end of the continuum) to opposite-sex attraction only (at the other end of the continuum). Sexual behavior, or sexual activity, differs from sexual orientation and alone does not define someone as an LGBT individual.Any person whitethorn be undetermined of sexual behavior with a person of the same or opposite sex, solely an in dividual knows his or her longingserotic and affectionaland which sex is more likely to satisfy those needs. It is necessary to draw a distinction between sexual orientation and sexual behavior. Not every person with a homosexual or bisexual orientation is sexually active. A persons sexual orientation does not tell us if she/he is sexually active or does it define her /his specific sexual behaviors.Similarly, sexual behavior alone does not define orientation. A personal awareness of having a sexual orientation that is not exclusively heterosexual is one way a person identifies herself or himself as an LGBT person. Or a person may deem a sexual identity that differs from his or her biological sexthat is, a person may have been born a male precisely identifies and feels more comfortable as a female. Sexual orientation and gender identity are two independent variables in an individuals definition of himself or herself.Sexual identity is the personal and unique way that a person pe rceives his or her own sexual desires and sexual expressions. Biological sex is the biological distinction between men and women. Gender is the concept of maleness and masculinity or femaleness and femininity. Ones gender identity is the sense of ones self as male or female and does not refer to ones sexual orientation or gender role. Sex refers to the biological characteristics of a person at birth, while gender relates to his or her perception of being male or female and is known as the gender role.Gender role refers to the behaviors and desires to act in certain ways that are viewed as masculine or feminine by a particular culture. A culture usually labels behaviors as masculine or feminine, simply these behaviors are not necessarily a direct component of gender or gender identity. It is common in our culture to call the behaviors, styles, or interests shown by males that are usually associated with women effeminate and to call the boys who behave this way sissies. Women or girl s who have interests usually associated with men are designate masculine or butch, and the girls are often called tomboys. Transsexuals are people with the biological characteristics of one sex who chance upon themselves as the opposite gender and have had some type of surgical alteration and/or hormone treatments that changes their bodies appearance in alignment with their identity. While understanding the various concepts used in sexual orientation in general, it is very imperative to define in specific details definition of LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender) accordingly.Lesbian which is originally a Greek al-Quran, is a term most widely used in the English language to describe sexual and romantic desire between females. The word may be used as a noun, to refer to women who identify themselves or who are characterized by others as having the primary attribute of female homosexuality, or as an adjective, to describe characteristics of an disapprove or activity relat ed to female same-sex desire. Lesbian as a concept, used to differentiate women with a shared sexual orientation, is a 20th-century construct.Gay is a romantic or sexual attraction or behavior toward/between males. Gay is a word (a noun or an adjective) that primarily refers to a homosexual person. The word gay arrived in English during the 12th century from Old French gai, most likely deriving ultimately from a Germanic source. The term was originally used to refer to feelings of being carefree, happy, or bright and showy it had also come to acquire some connotations of immorality as archaeozoic as 1637.The terms use as a reference to homosexuality may date as early as the late nineteenth century, but its use gradually increased in the 20th century. In modern English, gay has come to be used as an adjective, and as a noun, referring to the people, e modifiedly to men, and the practices and cultures associated with homosexuality. By the end of the 20th century, the word gay was rec ommended by major LGBT groups and style guides to describe people attracted to members of the same sex. Bisexuality is romantic or sexual attraction or behavior toward males and females.The term is especially used in the context of human sexual attraction to denote romantic or sexual feelings toward men and women. It is one of the three main classifications of sexual orientation, along with a heterosexual and a homosexual orientation, all a part of the heterosexualhomosexual continuum. People who have a distinct but not exclusive sexual preference for one sex over the other may identify themselves as bisexual. Transgender is a general term applied to a variety of individuals, behaviors, and groups involving tendencies to vary from culturally conventional gender roles.Transgender is the state of ones gender identity (self-identification as woman, man, neither or both) not matching ones assigned sex (identification by others as male, female or intersex based on physical/genetic sex). Transgender does not imply any specific form of sexual orientation transgender people may identify as heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, pansexual, polysexual, or asexual some may consider conventional sexual orientation labels inadequate or inapplicable to them.The precise definition for transgender remains in flux, but includes Of, relating to, or designating a person whose identity does not conform unambiguously to conventional notions of male or female gender roles, but combines or moves between these. People who were assigned a sex, usually at birth and based on their genitals, but who feel that this is a false or incomplete translation of themselves. Non-identification with, or non-presentation as, the sex (and assumed gender) one was assigned at birth. A transgender individual may have characteristics that are normally associated with a particular gender, identify elsewhere on the customs dutyal gender continuum, or exist outside of it as other, agender, Genderqueer, or third gender. Sexuality and gender have different impacts in each cultures laws, attitudes, and organizations. More secular and modernized societies often have more favorable treatment of LGBT individuals than societies which value tradition and phantasmal piety.However, accurate generalizations are difficult to make hitherto within Malaysia, attitudes towards LGBT individuals vary from person to person. Cultural differences in LGBT issues have wide-ranging effects. Other cultures may have different ways of expressing affectionfor example, in India, it is common for same-sex friends to hold hands without any assumption of a romantic connectionor of categorizing gender and sexualityfor example, in parts of Latin America, a man is not considered gay if he engages in same-sex sexual intercourse as the insertive artner.Thus, American English impairment and conceptualizations of LGBT issues may not directly translate. The visibility of LGBT individuals and organizations varies by cul ture. Some cultures have an underground LGBT scene where LGBT individuals are tolerated as long as they remain principally closeted, whereas other cultures may have a more open and organized community of LGBT individuals. In addition, some cultures may provide legal protection for LGBT individuals and recognize their partnerships, while other cultures may criminalize same-sex intercourse.Globally in some country For example in Malaysia, Cross-dressing(Gender identity/expression) is not technically a crime. However, transgender individuals have often been arrested by police officers under the civil laws governing public indecency, and if they are Muslim, can be further charged by religious officers under Sharia Laws for impersonating women. For example, in 1998, Forty-five Muslim transvestites were charged and convicted in court for dressing as women, and twenty-three more transgender persons faced similar fines and custody in 1999.Finally, there may be major differences within the LGBT community in a specific culture for example, in parts of southeastern Asia it is considered culturally acceptable for a man to have sex with a feminine transgendered man, while there are no such provisions for women having sex with transgendered women. crotchet The Christian Perspective (LESBIAN, GAY & Bisexuality) In a world of moral confusion and ethical compromise, the principles for which the Holy give-and-take stands, is directing the Christians in the right pathway to God and the way of life.The Christian point of view is based solely upon the Bible, the divinely inspired Word of God. A truly Christian standard of ethics is the conduct of divine revelation, not of statistical research or of public opinion. For the Christian, the Bible is the final authority for both belief and behaviour. The Explicitly the Bible give lessons about homosexuality can be considered as basic because, if we accept Gods Word on the subject of homosexuality, we benefit from His adequate f are to this problem as seen in Christianity.This project is concerned only with the Christian or biblical view of homosexuality. The Bible has much to say about sex sins in general for a view in Homosexuality in Christian perspective. First, there is adultery. Adultery in the natural sense is sexual intercourse of a married person with someone other than his or her own spouse. It is condemned in both the Old and New Testaments (Exodus 2014 I Cor. 69, 10). Christ forbids dwelling upon the thoughts, the free play of ones imagination that leads to adultery (Matthew 528).Second, there is fornication, the illicit sex acts of unmarried persons which is likewise forbid (I Corinthians 51 613, 18 Ephesians 53). Then there is homosexuality which likewise is condemned in Scripture. The Apostle Paul, writing by inspiration of the Holy Spirit, declares that homosexuality shall not inherit the kingdom of God (I Corinthians 69 10). Now Paul does not single out the homosexual as a special offender. He includes fornicators, idolators, adulterers, thieves, covetous persons, drunkards, re fetidrs and extortioners.And then he adds the comment that some of the Christians at Corinth had been delivered from these very practices And such were some of you But ye are washed, but ye are sanctified, but ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the spirit of our God (I Corinthians 611). All of the sins mentioned in this passage are condemned by God, but just as there was confide in Christ for the Corinthians, so is there hope for all of us. Homosexuality is an illicit lust forbidden by God. He said to His people Israel, Thou shalt not lie with mankind, as with womankind it is abomination (Leviticus 1822).If a man also lie with mankind, as he lieth with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination they shall surely be put to death their blood shall be upon them (Leviticus 2013). In these passages homosexuality is condemned as a prime example of sin, a sexual perversio n. The Christian can neither alter Gods viewpoint nor depart from it. In the Bible sodomy is a synonym for homosexuality. God spoke plainly on the matter when He said, There shall be no whore of the daughters of Israel, nor a sward of the sons of Israel (Deuteronomy 2317).The whore and the sodomite are in the same category. A sodomite was not an inhabitant of Sodom nor a descendant of an inhabitant of Sodom, but a man who had given himself to homosexuality, and the unnatural vice for which Sodom was known. Let us look at the passages in question But before they lay down, the men of the city, even the men of Sodom, compassed the house around, old and young, all the people from every quarter And they called unto Lot, and said unto him, Where are the men hich came in to thee this night? Bring them out unto us, that we may know them. And Lot went out at the door unto them, and shut the door after him, And said, I pray you, brethren, do not so wickedly. Behold now, I have two daughters which have not known man let me, I pray you, bring them out unto you, and do ye to them as is good in your eyes only unto these men do nothing for therefore came they under the shadow of my roof. (Genesis 194-8) The Hebrew word for know in verse 5 is yada, a sexual term.It is used frequently to denote sexual intercourse (Genesis 41, 17, 25 Matthew 124, 25). The message in the context of Genesis 19 is clear. Lot pled with the men to do not so wickedly. Homosexuality is wickedness and must be recognized as such else there is no hope for the homosexual who is asking for help to be extricated from his sinful way of life. Romans 124-27 I Timothy 110 and Jude 7. If one takes these Scriptures seriously, homosexuality will be recognized as an evil. The Romans passage is unmistakably clear.Paul attributes the moral depravity of men and women to their rejection of the truth of God (125). They refused to retain God in their knowledge (128), thereby dethroning God and deifying themselves. The Old Testament had clearly condemned homosexuality but in Pauls day there were those persons who rejected its teaching. Because of their rejection of Gods commands He punished their sin by delivering them over to it. The philosophy of substituting Gods Word with ones own reasoning commenced with Satan.He introduced it at the outset of the human race by suggesting to Eve that she ignore Gods orders, assuring her that in so doing she would become like God with the origin to discern good and evil (Genesis 31-5). That was Satans big lie. Paul said that when any person rejects Gods truth, his mind becomes reprobate, convey void of sound judgment. The reprobate mind, having rejected Gods truth, is not capable of discerning good and evil. In Romans 126-31 twenty-three punishable sins are listed with homosexuality leading the list.Paul wrote, For this cause God gave them up into vile affections for even their women did change the natural use into that which is against nature And likewise a lso the men, loss the natural use of the woman, burned in their lust one toward another men with men working that which is unseemly, and receiving in themselves that recompense of their error which was meet. (Romans 126, 27). These verses are telling us that homosexuals suffer in their body and personality the inevitable consequences of their wrong doing.Notice that the behaviour of the homosexual is described as a vile affection (126). The Greek word translated vile (atimia) means filthy, dirty, evil, and dishonourable. The word affection in Greek is pathos, used by the Greeks of either a good or bad desire. Here in the context of Romans it is used in a bad sense. The vile affection is a degrading passion, a shameful lust. both the desire (lusting after) and the act of homosexuality are condemned in the Bible as sin.

Aiims and Objectives

Task 1 The consumes and objectives of Tesco & Nike Aims An aim is a goal of which a contrast wants to achieve. For example, rough businesses aim to expand whilst others aim to survive. A nonher aim that a business can bewilder is loting as a lot as possible whilst others aim to advance the quality of their point of intersections. Objective An objective is what a business wants to achieve but to a greater extent precise targets than aim. For example an objective for a business can be to dispense 1000 more products than we sold last twelvemonth, remove more products than its competitors, desexualise ? 0,000 more pro set(p) than the previous year. Aim vs Objective The difference between an aim and an objective is that an objective is more precise and measureable than an aim. For example an aim can be to pull back more profit, whilst an objective can be to identify ? 10,000 more profit than the previous year. The best quality of objectives is a SMART objective. SMART stand s for the following S Specific M Measurable A agree R Realistic T Time constrained An example of a SMART objective is to increase in sales of original products to ? 1 zillion by 2006.This is a specific objective, it is in addition measurable and is time constrained it must be achieved by 2006, given customer interest in perfect product, it is also realistic, and if this objective has also been agreed with suppliers and store managers, this it is a SMART objective, but if Tesco had merely said it wanted to increase sales of organic product accordingly this is non SMART, and it also cannot be measured easily. Why an objective must be measurable? An objective of a business must be measurable in order to see if the business has reached its aim, however if it is necessary a business can change its objective in order to edge its aim.A business can adjudge its objective measurable instead of regulariseing we ordain adopt more profit. A business can make its objective measur able by giving it a time to measure therefore a measurable objective can be we will make ? 10,000 more profit than the previous year. Aims of Nike Nike is aiming to upgrade its profit by more than 50% in the undermenti 1d five years. From the Internet. Nike is aiming on developing low-cost canvas footwear in developing countries in the neighboring 3 years. From the Internet. Nike is aiming to keep their tell on as the largest sportswear brand in the world, by preventing Adidas from outshining them.From the Internet. By the following year Nike is aiming to show in its adverts, and annual reports that it has good intentions with regards to working conditions. From the Internet. Nike is aiming for 50% Revenue Growth over Next Five Years. From the Internet. Nike is aiming to upgrade its volume more than 50% in the beside fives years. From the Internet. Aims of Tesco Tesco is aiming to upgrade its profit by more than 50% in the conterminous five years. From the Internet. T esco is aiming to understand their customers better than anyone in the next 3 years. From the Internet. Tesco is aiming to make their company the largest supermarket in the next 8 years, by outshining global competitors such(prenominal) as Wal-Mart and Carrefour. From the Internet. Tesco ar aiming to provide 150 more organic products than the previous year. From the Internet. By the next year Tesco is aiming to show in its adverts, and annual reports that it has good intentions with regards to working conditions. From the Internet. Aims and objectives of Tesco and Nike All types of businesses including Tesco and Nike must be professionally organised in order to achieve the aims and objectives that it has set itself.Businesses including Tesco and Nike must beat aims to find out which department that they need to improve in, in order to improve the business as a whole. Businesses including Tesco and Nike must make objectives to find out how they argon going to achieve the aims tha t it has set itself. Why the aims and objectives of Nike and Tesco differ The aims and objectives of my two chosen organisation which are called Tesco and Nike differ because Tesco is more like a supermarket which sells foods, and also non-food goods and services such as jewellery, books, CDs, and clothes.Whilst Nike is more like a giant sports organisation which doesnt sell non-food goods, but it sells sports products such as trainers and clothes. The main objective of Nike is to protect and improve Nikes position as the number one athletic brand in America and around the world this proves that Nike has the ambition to make their organisation as pornographic as possible, Nike are only interested in expanding their organisation. Comparison of business aimsMoreover Tescos main objective is to take over Home stem and Argos in sales of homeware, electrical goods and services, this proves that Tesco doesnt want to only be known as a food retailer organisation, but they also want to be known as an organisation which also offers their customers competitive prices in homeware, and electrical goods and services. Tesco and Nike have different aims because theyre in different categories of business, moreover they are also in a different firmament of business and ownership.Tesco try to fulfil the demand of their customers, they do this by providing their customers with products which are of good quality. Tescos main aim to improve the popular products that are amongst their customers that they already have thereafter they should bring in more products that their customers are in need of. Furthermore, in present time Tesco are trying to progress their company in the electronic, gaming and clothing sector at an affordable cost. So as a result even though its only of a minority Tesco also happen to cover some other sectors such as clothing, gaming and electronic.Tesco will choose aims that suit them and are reasonable in other words aims that can be achieved. Tesco ack nowledge that fact that other branded products will be expensive to buy and will not suit the company as in order to make great profits the prices of the products must be sold expensively, therefore in order to sort out this problem Tesco have make their own brand of high quality of products at a low and reasonable price, hence Tesco has the title of organism one of the cheapest supermarkets in Britain. However other supermarkets such as Asda and Sainsburys also have their own branded products.Tesco posses a great quality that all businesses crave to posses and that quality is none other than the fact that Tesco is fabulously organised. I know for a fact that Tesco are organised, because I remember going to Tesco and I witnessed the fact that products that are relevant are in the same section so that it makes easier for the customers to find their desired product and compare the prices with similar products for example they locate baby products in the same section near each other, so that parents looking to buy baby cereal and baby yoghurt will not suffer the exhaustion of travelling to the other end of the supermarket.Tesco also name the sections so that customers dont get confused. The thing that I also like about Tesco is that they locate baby stuff in sections that are near to each other so once again the customer doesnt need to walk across to the other side of the supermarket to get a cereal and the other side to get pampers. However other supermarket that Ive seen with my own eyes such as Asda also do this.I say that Tesco and Asda are the most organised supermarket in Britain ( Judging from my own eyes), Both supermarkets have naked as a jaybird/ products with special offers near the entrance they use this method to make sure that new/ products with special offers is the first thing that the customers sees, hence the customer will not miss the special offer or a new product. Another reason why they do this is because Tesco acknowledges the fact that customers like to see whats new and that if they cant find the new roduct/s and then they will start to ask the staff, this will make them busy and also stop the staff from concentrating on their work. Nike is a company that sells and manufacture all type of sports wear and products. The advantages that Nike has are that they both manufacture and sell products that their customers have an interest in. In order for Nike to sell more goods and services they (Nike) sponsor sport stars such as Cristiano Ronaldo, Roger Federer and Tiger Woods.You can observe that these sport stars are one of the best and on top in their profession, hence they have a big fan base and these fans like to imitate their idols and wear similar clothing due to the fact these sports stars posses an enormous fan base is noteworthy because it will hateful that the fans will buy the Nike products, that the sports stars are wearing. However this doesnt come in cheap, as the sports stars get paid an enormous amount for wearing the Nike clothing range.The followings is how much each Sport star get paid by Nike. Cristiano Ronaldo Currently gets ? 6 million a year sponsorship. Roger Federer Currently gets ? 8. 4607875 million a year sponsorship Tiger Woods Currently gets ? 13. 0165962 million a year sponsorship Although these Sports stars get paid generously, I however think that they are worth it because they have helped Nike to dedicate sales. However Adidas who are Nikes competition also have endorsement deals for Sport starts most notably David Beckham.However my other business (Tesco) will not be able to sponsor sports stars as their main speciality is by selling food products especially groceries and sport stars are not relevant to what they sell therefore the sport stars wont be able to generate more profit for Tesco moreover the other reason is that Nikes financial line is better than Tescos therefore Tesco wont afford to pay the enormous amount anyways that is needed to pay thes e huge sports stars with enormous fan base behind them.The aims and objectives of Tesco and Nike is differs because Nike is very different to Tesco as Nike only has few Niketowns shops as they sell their wide range of sports products to shops such as JD and Sports Direct but Tesco sell their own branded products and products that are not Tesco branded therefore Nike and Tesco will have different aims and objectives as both the businesses are ran differently and located in different areas.Moreover it can also be different because all the Niketowns I see are densely populated such as the one in Oxford, moreover Nike products can be bought in batch (shops such as JD and Sports Direct buy in batch, because they will save capital from buy in batch) but this cannot be done in Tesco as Tesco locate themselves in a location near some type of estate which has a lot of populate there so that their customers dont take long journeys and as a result goods and services are sold one at a time b ecause of this fact the aims and objectives of Tesco and Nike will differ.Nike have factories to make their products whilst Tesco buy their goods and services from other people whilst they also sell their own branded products some of which are made in the store (such as bread and other groceries) therefore it will be fresh for customers to consume. This is one of the reasons why the aims and objectives of Tesco differ.Moreover Nike and Tesco can also have few similar aims and objectives because the ownership of both Tesco and Nike is public limited company which means that shares are traded on the stock exchanged, however the interesting reason for Tesco and Nike being a public limited company is because of their enormous size. If both Nike and Tesco were owned by a sole trader or by a federation except being owned by a public limited company then due to their enormous size it would be very ambitious to raise enough funds for Tesco and Nike.Similarly, both companies are owned by s hareholders. Tesco and Nike are not successful on meeting their aims and objective, because they havent released a statement saying that they have been successful on achieving their aims and objectives. Similarities Differences Both Tesco and Nike are aiming to upgrade their profit by more Tesco is aiming to become the largest supermarket in the world than 50% in the next five years whilst Nike is aiming to protect their no. 1 status of being the largest sportswear brand in the world By the next year both Tesco and Nike are aiming to show in Tesco is aiming to understand their customers better than their adverts, and annual reports that they have good anyone in the next 3 years whilst Nike is aiming for 50% intentions with regards to working conditions. Revenue Growth over Next Five Years. Suggestion of business aimsI would call dismantle for Tesco to aim to manufacture (Tesco branded) sporting products such as treadmill, rower and cycle for women by the next year as wom en of this generation have no-time to go to the gym and they want to stay in shape, be fit whilst others want to lose however Tesco should manufacture (Tesco branded) weights and other home gym equipments as most men want to get a toned frame of reference if Tesco manufacture these (Tesco branded) products in the near future then they will meet the demands of their customers, and because its Tesco branded it should be reasonably cheap.Tesco should perhaps imitate Nike and sponsor a famous fittingness model for the raisement of the products I have suggested.I would suggest Nike to aim to introduce interesting and exciting fitness programmes by the next year for people who suffer to lose weight/gain muscle or dont know how to lose weight/gain or simply need to be motivated to lose weight/gain muscle this will make Nike wider and more appealing to their customers as they will not only be helping their customers but also beating their competitive businesses such as Adidas and Reebok because both of these Nikes do not sell fitness programmes to their customers which will give Nike an edge of their competitive businesses.Nike should also then sponsor a world famous fitness model to advertise the product that I have suggested. From my own experience I think that although Nike have a range of great quality products they however dont have them in competitive prices and this is what some customers complain about (me, and my friends), wearing Nike looks cool but the prices on the clothes is just too much, therefore the product that I suggest Nike to manufacture should be very competitive.The difference between Nike and Tesco is that Tesco have cheap products whilst the products of Nike are very expensive and other customers who are less fortunate will have to dig deep in their pockets to buy the Nike product that they desire. I suggest Nike to make their products cheaper as we are in the recession and some people dont have jobs so they wont be able to afford it, plus some have had their salary cut down due to the recession.Another suggestion that I would like to make for both of my companies is that I think that they should both aim to join with their biggest competitor by the next 3 years which will contribute in my companies to expand to such an extent that no business can reach their heights, as the less superstores are around the less options the customers have and the more likely the customers will go to Tesco or Nike. Or if they dont like the idea of joining with their competitors then I would suggest both of my companies to start using franchises for their business and thereby aim to have 5,000 new franchises in the next 5 years.This will tolerate my business to expand and grow faster and more cheaply, than buying all the branches. This will also benefit the franchisees due to the fact that my companies are very popular, well-known and familiar to people across the globe and it is also promoted and advertised both nationally and interna tionally thereby the franchisee will not have to bother to advertise which will save him/her cost.The franchisee will also benefit from advices on how to run the business and usually have exclusive and special rights to operate in a certain location which could really help boost __________________________________________________________ Sources/References http//www. mirrorfootball. co. uk/news/Cristiano-Ronaldo-wins-pound-6million-Nike-contract-article26148. html http//tennisinfoblog. com/roger-federer-to-sign-new-lucrative-10-year-contract-with-nike http//www. google. co. uk/search? hl=en&rls=com. microsoft%3Aen-gb%3AIE-SearchBox&q=convert+13+dollars+to+pounds&meta=&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq=&gs_rfai

Essential elements of a valid contract Essay

In this part of my assignment I will be detailing what the different elements of a valid fix ar whilst also linking it in with my own contract. The contract I have decided to use is my officious surround contract from Vodafone. The s eachyIn contract law the offer is where a person will accept the invitation, for exemplar in my contract the offer would be when I offer to bind into their contract and purchase a mobile phone deal, and this is because they created an invitation for me to purchase a deal as they advertise their deals in various place so when I go in I offer to bind into a contract with them. Invitation to treatAn invitation to treat is usually used to get the parties started with some negotiations to result in a fair equalizement for both(prenominal) parties involved. For example in my case with my contract it was negotiated for me to get more minutes instead of the sum of money of data they were offering as I would use the minutes more instead of the data so V odafone agreed and created a contract stating what was agreed to ensure that they could non go back on their agreement. An invitation to treat does non bind someone into a contract as they are only inviting people to make an offer so if somebody was looking at something plainly didnt not agree or make the owner a offer whence therefore there is no agreement and no intelligent binding. The AcceptanceIn contract law once a good acceptance is formed a contract gets developed in which case both parties basisnot back out of the agreement after the contract has been signed. There are three rules that need to be followed when creating an acceptance to ensure it is legally bound. The three rules are The acceptance must be known and discussed with the offeree. The acceptances terms must match the terms of the offer simply. The agreement needs to be certain.In the case of my phone contract it was legally bound as it follows all threeof the rules of acceptance as when I purchased the c ontract we discussed all aspects of the contract terms and we both knew exactly what the agreement was after the negotiations. ConsiderationThe consideration in contract law must be something of value by the eyes of the law this doesnt not include things like a promise of love. A consideration is also known as the bargain of the contract where each party must happen a benefit to the contract or a disadvantage for it to be a consideration. With my contract the consideration is I get a certain amount of data, texts and minutes in exchange for money that will be paid each month. Intention to create legal relationshipsThe main aim of indenting to create legal relationships is to try and push out the cases that dont necessarily need a court to help take action. This is usually the case when two friends agree to meet up somewhere or if a family member agrees to help clean the car as there is no legal agreement it is right made between the two or more parties that are involved which mean s that therefore there is no legal binding contract in place so the courts are unable to take any action against any of the parties. With my contract it is a legally bound contract so if for example I decided I was no longer happy and I was going to stop paying the payment that we agreed then they are authorize to take me to the courts as the contract is legally bound. CapacityThe capacity in contract law is where a person has to either be over a specific age or they have to be mentally fit and not below the influence of alcohol as if one of the parties are then the contract will become void as they will be classed as a minor or unstable to bind into a contract as they need to have a full understanding of what they are signing for. If a contract becomes void then it means there is no legal binding of that contract and therefore if something went wrong and they backed out of it the courts could not take action. With my Vodafone contract they have a capacity that nobody under the ag e of 18 is allowed to take out a contract as they are known as a minor but any payments can be taken out of the minors account after three payments have been made, this is to ensure that they have anadult who is responsible for making sure all payments are going to get paid and if not it is them that will be taken to court as the contract will be in their name.

Generally, Laggard High School is a safe place for students.

The buildings and classrooms are well-structured and convenient for both teachers and students. I feel safe inside these classrooms since they are get by with the facilities and materials we need for teaching and learning.Moreover, I also feel safe in school because of the presence of the fire service. Probable fire incidents, as well as other untoward emergencies that may happen in the building, can be easily prevented because of an efficient and effective fire service just across the street. universe bounded by an ivy-league university like the Baylor University creates a positive influence on the part of the students as well as the community. Since high school students see what university students do, they evenhandedly much have an idea of what life in the university is, which could lead them to pursue their own education, if not in Baylor, then in other colleges or universities in the city or in another state.It is a good thing that Baylor is there because as early as freshman in high school, a student can already be influenced to think about what course or study to pursue. Furthermore, since Baylor is a Christian school, particularly the largest Baptist university in the world in terms of enrollment, it fosters a caring and sensitive atmosphere not just for the students in Baylor but also for the whole of the community. Baylor Universitys presence generates a reason of safety and security on my part, because I do not have to worry much about Laggard High Schools students future.However, not all areas in and around Laggard High School foster a friendly and safe ambiance. Since numerous cars enter through the main glamour and students need to stay behind the main door until 830 in the morning, possible accidents may happen. Students flock near the main entrance to remain for time as cars fall down and go. This could be a trouble area especially for students entering the school and those closest to the car park, who are consumed with their conversations that they do not notice the cars coming in and out of the school premises. This somehow unsafe and trouble area can be fixed by having someone superintend or guard the students coming in as well as the cars that enter and leave the school premises.Also, a conducive and comfortable waiting area, where students who come in early can stay, should also be designated. Another possible solution is letting the students enter 10 minutes before the time so that they can settle and be safe inside their classrooms. In addition, some cars entering the main entrance can use the entrance near interchange Avenue so that the number of cars entering along with the students via the main entrance will be lessened, thus less accidents are avoided.Another area I do not feel safe in is the cafeteria. This could be another possible trouble spot because the area lacks adequate monitoring. There should be someone designated to monitor the hall. Monitoring would include watching over the behavior of the students to avoid any untoward trouble among them, as well as restricting the students to go from the cafeteria to the playground. Some students use the cafeteria to sneak out and play in the playground.And since the school lacks sufficient monitoring on some areas and on students behavior, we do not jockey if they could be safe in their playing. Moreover, since they have easy access to the playground, they are influenced to stay there longer than they are supposed to. We do not wish this because our real focus is their learning inside the classroom. Students should be advised to know their time for study and their time for play.The Laggard High School is generally a very conducive and safe place for students, but then it also faces monitoring problems that need to be studied so that students, teachers, and parents would feel much safer.

Animal imagery is a prominent and extremely important device in the novel

Of Mice and Men is a great novel written by John Steinbeck, a Nobel Prize-winning author. Based on Steinbecks own experiences at the time, it tells the sad story of George Milton and Lennie Small, two migrant workers who learn to look out for one a nonher during the Great Depression in Salinas, California. For the while of the tale, Steinbeck hurls references to sensuals and their significance, both through symbolism and reflecting characters personalities. The mice, the rabbits and the dogs are three important recurring animal im boards in the novel.Mice have a crucial importance in the novel, as well as Lennies relationship with the mice. Firstly, Lennie likes to feel soft things, and his obsession with with petting mice grants him with security and comfort. Even if the animal is lifeless, Lennie still pets it to comfort it as well as to comfort himself. The simple feeling of the mouses smooth fur running between his fingers provide him with a sense of contentment. This symboliz es his soft and caring attitude along with his cranky heart. Secondly, the dead mouse in Lennies pocket is a strong symbol foreshadowing the end awaiting all weak and helpless creatures. This shows that not only is Lennie symbolically playing with death, unless that, in his perspective, death isnt a fear of his.The reader learns that the dead mouse Lennie finds is not the first mouse he has had, but because of his strength, they ever ended up dead if they were alive to begin with. Therefore, the mouse Lennie finds dies a fast untimely death. Thirdly, even with Lennies physical strength and size, his childlike mental capabilities make him as helpless as a mouse. The fact that Lennie gets, and accidentally kills the mice he has, reveals his uncontrolled strength and his compassion for soft things.Rabbits are also another illustrious animal mentioned in the novel. Firstly, they are the only thing that Lennie does not seem to forget. Every time he asks George to tell him the story o f their little house, he of all time mentions the rabbits, as if without the rabbits on their land, even if they would have a place they can call their own, it would not be the same. Secondly, the rabbits that Lennie hopes to have and care for give George control oer him. Lennies happiness is based on his hopes for this land, so he will be able to tend his rabbits.Knowing this, George constantly threatens him with not allowing him to tend the rabbits if he does not behave and follow his orders. George tells Lennie if you do get in trouble, I wont let you tend to the rabbits, (p.17). This becomes Lennies motivation to behave and to watch what he does. He imagines stroking an looking aft(prenominal) his rabbits on the little house he and George plan on owning. For this reason, being he has something to hope for, he tries harder to be good and has no limits of what he would do for his dream to come true. And Finally, like mice, rabbits are soft creatures that Lennie does not only wis h to tend but to pet as well.Dogs are principal animal figures stated in the novel. Firstly, Steinbeck starts by comparing Lennies loyalty to that of a dog. His huge companion dropped his blankets and flung himself down and drank from the surface of the green pool, (p.4). Although he does not do so directly, this image compares Lennie, when he is drinking from the pool, to, as the phrase goes, mans best friend. Throughout the book, Lennie proves his complete loyalty and unconditional love and friendship. Like a dog, he does not understand certain concepts. He also does not think about the consequences of his actions. Steinbecks comparisons between Lennie and animals, like dogs, bears, and horses, reinforce the impending sense of doom.Secondly, Candys dog has a great importance in the novel as well. His death is linked to the death of Lennie because this dog represents the fate awaiting anyone that becomes no longer useful. In other words, anyone who outlives his or her purpose wil l be put out, one way or another. The dogs death brings out a major fear in Candy. He himself is nearing an age when he will no longer be useful on the ranch and therefore will no longer be welcomed there either. Finally, Lennies whelp is one of several symbols that demonstrate the victory of the strong over the weak. Lennie kills the puppy unintentionally, as he has killed many mice before, for the plain reason that he does not grapple his own strength.Animals in the novel, from mice to rabbits to dogs, all die untimely deaths and have an intense significance. Steinbecks references to animals portrays the characteristics of the characters as well. These comparisons are not only meaningful in the book but also in real life.

Benjamin Franklin in his Autobiography Essay

Similar to Benjamin Franklin in his Autobiography and Frederick Douglass in his Narrative, trounce in Great Expectations also demonstrates the archetypal boyhood to manhood narrative. Each story recounts a journey of growth and development, of maturation and self-discovery through experience. In addition, the protagonist of each novel has a purpose which directs his actions and decisions throughout the course of his journey.However, one significant residual exists between the two historical characters and the fictitious worst-while Franklin and Douglass both strive for realistic and self-improving goals, Pip, like his imaginary character, entertains an idealistic dream. Pip desires to leave his former neighborly sort as a common boy and advance in life as a gentleman. This idealism quickly consumes Pip and becomes both the thematic midsection of the novel and the psychological mechanism that encourages much of Pips development.Ironically, many instances in the novel show that t he symbols and figures of the flush class that Pip idolizes are in fact his greatest tormenters. From their unfavorable effects on Pip such as abuse, pain, and unhappiness, manifests the idea that social standing does not determine ones happiness and well being, and most importantly, ones self worth. Even before Pip becomes a member of the rich class, his mere exposure to it initiates a procession of pain brought about by physical, verbal, and emotional abuse.Miss Havisham, despite her eccentricity, represents the class, wealth, and advancement that direct Pips actions and emotions for a large portion of the novel. Upon tryout about Miss Havishams desire to see Pip, Mrs. Joe pounced upon Pip, like an bird of Jove on a lamb, and my face was squeezed into wooden bowls in sinks, and my head was put up under taps of water- scarcets, and I was thumped and rasped, until I really was quite beside myself (52). Dickens clever use of violent rhetoric such as pounced, squeezed, and rasped and the metaphor, like an eagle on a lamb paints an unpleasant predator-to-victim scene in the subscribers mind.Mrs. Joes ecstatic reaction over the idea of Pips opportunity to befriend the wealthy class makes this scene the novels first of all hint of social advancement that will later consume Pips life. Consequently, Mrs. Joe becomes the first instrument of the upper class to inflict pain on Pip, carried out by the violent and painful bath. The physical abuse Pip outlives here, so early in his childhood, also foreshadows the adversity and pain he will later encounter among the upper classes. Moreover, closing the scene with my ablutions were completed (53) presents a resemblance between the simple bath and a ritual cleansing.The condition ablution is most often associated with biblical allegories where priests were required to cleanse themselves before approaching the communion table of God. Dickens word choice here seems to imply that Pips violent bath was necessary not onl y in cleansing him, except ridding him of the soil from his common life that might taint those in higher places. This bath scene serves as the novels first subtle only if significant example that involvement with the upper class does not determine well being.The pain Pip endures from his first exposure to the upper class alerts the reader that an apparently positive development in his life (Miss Havishams invitation to her world) may hurt results to the contrary. Apart from physical abuse and torment, Pips first interactions with the wealthy class also cause him to suffer emotionally. The general magnificence and grandeur of Satis House exists not only as a symbol of the lives of the upper class, but as a symbol of Pips romantic perception of the upper class as well.In this aspect, it is also a source of misery for Pip and he realizes, daylight never entered Satis House and under its influence I continued at heart to hate my trade and to be ashamed of property (125). The ornate grandeur of Satis House has raised in Pip a new consciousness of his own low birth and common bearings. After his first visit, he even lies about his experience there, unwilling to sully his thoughts of it with the contrasting plainness of his every day world, for it must remain far above the aim of common doings (72).Pips first visit to Satis House is a momentous event in his life. It raises in Pip an awareness of social contrast, robs him of his youthful innocence and sense of fulfillment and thus, further exemplifies the misery that is inherently linked with representations of the upper class. With the introduction of Miss Havisham and Satis House, the character Estella moves to the forefront of the novel as the ultimate symbol of Pips unattainable dream in Great Expectations, and the greatest cause of his sufferings.Ironically, Estellas condescension and spite matches Pips feelings about himself in the world of Satis House. He accepts her condescension, Why, he is a nothing but a common laboring-boy (60), without defending himself because he idealizes Estella and sorrowfully believes her to be right. This is specially evident during times when the difference between their social classes manifest itself in the smallest things, I had never thought of being ashamed of my hands before her scorn was so strong, that it became infectious, and I caught it (60).Moreover, Estella consistently refers to Pip as Mr. Pumblechooks boy (58), silly boy (266), or simply boy, using any word but his real name. This is a form of verbal abuse because it ultimately degrades Pip to a gender with no unique identity. Estella practices a deliberate rigourousness on Pip that wins his deepest love and causes him to develop a passionate but unrequited devotion for her. This is one of the harshest examples of the pain and torment Pip must endure as he interacts with the upper class.Through these accounts, it becomes evident that social standing and wealth does not always determine well being. In fact, it may fall upon just the opposite-physical pain, emotional disturbance, and misery from the knowledge of ones common bearings. Even when Pip becomes a gentleman and is received by society, there is a sharp decline in his confidence and happiness that accompanies this rise in social status. Pips unofficial entrance into the world of a wealthy gentleman can be marked as the event where he put on a real gentleman suit.Interestingly, Pip describes, after this memorable event I felt rather like Mother Hubbards dog (152). While a notable occasion such as this would have naturally allowed for happiness and celebration, Pip instead compares his elevated social standing to a common animal of a childrens poem. The demeaning effect of the suit, versus its intended dignifying effect, not only foreshadows the unsatisfactory life Pip will lead as a gentleman, but poses further doubt on the hopes and ideals Pip holds of the wealthy class.

South African Airways Case Analysis

randomness African airways Presented by Hadeir Shahin Khaya Ngqula, the CEO of South African airways is facing a big challenge, which is the great of SAA ground staff and cabin crews, this action wont affect only the overall effect of the party and slows down operations, but it will have a negative long term consequences as advantageously, it may affect the companys reputation, and thus affecting its prominence and perceived forest in the mind of the public.The major problem of SAA is the lack of arrogance, justice, ethics and commitment in the company, as the employees taket trust there mangers, they believe that the decision making process is not fair, and managers are forever and a day violating the accepted norms of morality within the company.Firstly the absences of the authoritys trustworthiness negatively affected the employees, as mangers failed to verbalize employees there capability of taking over the helm specially that executives lack atmosphere background, al so employees didnt perceive the authority to be benevolent or to have integrity, and that was clear when Ngqula intractable to cut his management stuff in half to control costs, and suspending four managers for misconduct and failure to baffle wasteful expenditure, at the same time he was criticized by the media for incurring luxury travel expenses, more(prenominal) over his strategy revolved around efficiency, growth and outstanding service, without emphasizing about being helpful, corroborative or loyal to his employees apart from any selfish or profit motive, all those circumstanceors proceedsed in the fact that SAAs employees lack of trust to their managers. Secondly the countrys history over the past long time regarding the racial discrimination influenced the companies policies which resulted in the feeling of injustice and a biased code of ethics among employees, in addition to, the pay raise issue. Despite of the good performance and the growth of the company, managers are referring to the fuel monetary value as a constrain that preventing them from raising the pay, as a result employees belief that the decision outcomes are not allocated using the proper norms because they have contributed to the companys good performance and they deserve more outcome specially that the company had a year profit of $155 million and can soft afford the wage increase, also knowing that there managers are spending money on chop travels and luxurious hotel rooms made them feel that they are not receiving distributive justice. As a result of the former problems, employees dont feel committed to the company, and therefore Ngqula has to fix those problems by regaining employees trust and treating them fairly, this can be done by approving the 8% increase in wages and extend to implement an evaluation performance plan, in order to extend track of employees performance, and lay a roadmap for supply and development.He should include employees training program in his d evelopment strategy, this program should not only stress on their skills but, on the importance of positive communication and culture of kindness in the company as well to increase SAAs employees commitment. Its known that integrity should come from the top managers first, thats why grievous the truth to the employees and sticking to promises will be a good start to regain their trust, also the company should introduces a solid code of ethics that prohibits racial discrimination, protects employees rights and preventing the misuse of the companies resources. Finally introducing different ways to keep employees motivated such as bonuses, pay raise and recognition, this way employees performance will increase, they will be more competitive, creative and committed to the work.

Heritage Listed Sites- Should It Be Open to Public or Kept Private Essay

Did you know that there argon 962 properties listed as inheritance sets in the orb? As we aw be the Kakadu National Park, Uluru, Shark Bay and peachy barrier Reef in Australia ar also listed as reality hereditary pattern sites. However, there are currently 38 properties listed in risk of infection because of various reasons unable to support with technical, scientific expertise in round areas or contamination, uncontrolled urbanization, unchecked touristry (Amanpour, 2012) in almost cases. UNESCO (2013) states that the touristry impacted on the sites corkingly since the world inheritance properties are among the most popular and heavily promoted tourist destinations in many countries. The dramatic current and projected growth of international and domestic travel represents both ch all in allenges and opportunities for World hereditary pattern identifys and surrounding populations. Poorly managed tourism at a site plunder pose major threats to heritage in all o f its forms and degrade the quality of the visitant experience.For instance, The long Barrier Reef was tell as a world heritage area in 1981, there have been more than ii million people visited the reef each year and generated more than $AU2 billion in tourism dollar, do tourism a major earner for the north-eastern Australian economy and also gave negative impact that change fragile corals by reef walking, polluted in the water with human activities not only fuels from boats scarcely associated with run -off sweat and suntan lotion affected on the reef environment (Australia Government, 2007). There is a question arose for the heritage listed sites whether it should be percipient to human existences or kept private in lay out to nourish and conserve them.It is a controversial topic on the humans access to the heritage listed sites some people may say that the sites should be kept in private in order to protect the area, or some say it should be slack to public so it le ave behind append the big(p) benefit to economy. W hile tourism place provide a way to educate the public on the importance of the reef, the constant flow of people over a few select areas of the Great Barrier Reef region can also pose some problems. A director of Centre of coming(prenominal) Studies believes that There is a conflict between environmental concerns and commercial message interests in terms of heritage listed sites (SMH, 2006).It go away be discussed the potential benefits and damages for both cases and solutions that can compromise the benefit and the issues.World heritage Listed Site refers to a place ( such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that is listed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural formation ( UNESCO) as of special heathen or physical significance. as per Wikipedia (2013). There are 190 states dissipateies sign The World Heritage Convention, as of September 2012, to help these coun tries with heritage listed sites in terms of detecting and conserving the sites ( UNESCO, 2013). By all means that a place listed as world heritage site, the place will be support by UNESCO in relation with protecting and maintaining the sites with well structured plan. W hat is it that makes the sites so classic many countries have formed as rescue team to protect the heritage sites?There are a number of reasons as the following It is our legacy from the knightly, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations. Our cultural and natural heritage is both irreplaceable roots of life and inspiration. Places as unique and diverse as the wilds of eastside Africas Serengeti, the Pyramids of Egypt, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and the Baroque cathedrals of Latin America make up our worlds heritage (UNESCO, 2013). In addition, the heritage listed sites reflects the way the past lived, thoughts or even the changes geographically over the time in the area which is a gravid source for researches and studies, the sites also involve the subtlety of the society.The World Bank defines cultivation as the whole complex of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features that characterise a society or social group. It includes not only arts and letters, but also modes of life, the fundamental frequency rights of the human creation, honor systems, traditions, and beliefs (cited on Endresen, p 5). Janet Stephenson, of Dunedin, who is bare-assed Zealand historic places trust representative states the importance of the heritage listed sites as this is something you dont get in a museum and each of these places has heritage role (cited on Allan, D. The South Times, p19).Also, Australian Government states the importance of heritage listed sites for education, it is important to inspire students to explore our unique world heritage listed places and develop an appreciation of heritage value. An understanding of heritage plac e in Australia and their significance in the world will encourage young people to appreciate and help preserve them for future generation ( environs Government, 2011).As mentioned earlier, it leaves a big question on how to protect the heritage listed sites, should it be open to public or kept private? There are number of reasons it should open to public. First of all, it can bring great benefits monetarily to local and country as whole, according to section of Environment and Conservation, Government of Western Australia, it increases riches of local community, in which the heritage listed site is located, and alter to promote the areas to domestic and international visitors.Harriott states the marine tourism industry is a major contributor to the Australian economy, with an estimated direct value in excess of $1 billion (Wachenfeld et al, 1998 cited 2002, p12). For example, Australian icons such as Uluru , The Great Barrier Reef, and The Tasmanian Wilderness attracted a great n umber of visitations for both nationally and internationally which was result of heavily featuring in tourism promotion since the sites listed as world heritage (Shark Bay, 2009). By the booming in Tourism, the area needed more facilities to accommodate the visitors with hotels, restaurants, retail shops and entertainments which created employment opportunity. Producer groups such as construction firms, skilled tradespeople and unskilled workers benefited from extra work created in the heritage sector also increased local and government income from workers tax (Abelson, 2000).another(prenominal) example Zhan-gjia-jie National Park, is Chinas first national park and also well-known for the shape Hollywood movie. For this reason, tourism has boomed in the region resulted in generating economic wealth, creation of jobs and victimization opportunities for local residents. Zhan -gjia-jie receives up to 40,000 tourists a day during its high season (UNWTO, 2011).Secondly, the substantia ting economic impact gained through with(predicate) the profit in Tourism can lead to positive impact on Heritage sites- providing fund for site delivery and oversight In 1995 the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) provided a $1.7 million grant to help preserve prehistorical cave paintings at 260 sites within the Capivara Park, a W orld Heritage Site in north-eastern Brazil. The grant include funding to improve roads in order to stimulate tourism as a source of income for local residents, thereby improving economic conditions and helping to reduce activities that were destroying the sites (cited on Andresen, 1999, p8).Thirdly, Visitors to World Heritage sites can learn about natural, cultural and historical characteristics (Alberta, 2012) . Having a real experience of the heritage listed sites by touching, looking and feeling the existence of the property will be definitely different from learning by photos and write up -telling. In spite of the benefits aforementioned, pro moting Tourism can negatively impact on the sites itself and the environment due to constructions, contaminant and over urbanization. The site will need to accommodate the tourists in hospitality needs hotels, restaurants and bars, and with other activities to explore that sites, it cannot avoid having a ontogeny in the area.There are examples of heritage sites damaged from Tourism such as Angkor Wat which is a temple complex in Cambodia, and the Inca fortress of Machu Picchu in Peru are often cited as places of world-historical importance where a vast influx of tourists may be causing serious damage (The economist, 2012). Also, some researchers clearly demonstrate that The Great Barrier Reef, the worlds largest coral system in Queensland (Wikipedia, 2012), is being damaged (GBRMPA, 2009 cited on Great barrier reef foundation, 2009) and lost half of its coral in the past 27years ( Holland, 2012) by human activities such as fishing, mining, farming and unsorting rubbishes, Universi ty of Michigan also states that the human based pollution caused such harm to our reefs needs to be stopped or reduced significantly if we wish to bear on this fragile ecosystem .In addition there might be unwanted cultural changes, and Demonstration rig (Endresen, 1999, p8) that comes from exposure to western culture and lifestyle due to tourism, sometimes is blamed for spoiling local culture. harmonize to Endresen (1997, p7) unmanaged tourism can result cheapening of culture and traditions alienation and loss of cultural identity in the heritage sites.Victoria Falls is the most applicable example in terms of the damages on the heritage listed sites from open to public, led to a various conservation challenges related to urban development, tourism pressure incursive species poaching Water pollution and abstraction and, institutional challenges (African World Heritage Fund , 2012) which may dispense up to years to get it recovered. It is critical to get those sites (not only Vi ctoria Falls, but the other 37 sites as mentioned earlier) restored and preserved with our attention and care.On the other hand, if it is being kept private it will change to reserve the area more efficiently as there isnt access allowed for public so it can prevent from getting polluted and over-urbanized in the area. Also that helps to preserve damaged areas and get it re-stored as there will not be any restrictions to undergo the repair work. The royal tombs, which are registered as UNESCO World Heritage sites, have not allowed public access for the reason of preservation. After going through maintenance and installing several convenience facilities, the tombs ar e now ready to welcome visitors (visit Korea, 2012).W hat about the potential economic growth in their community or the country by developing the heritage site? The development will attract more tourists who manage to visit the heritage sites and trigger increase of GDP through the economic activities made between tour ists and locals which will lead to the development of the country as a whole. Various economists state the development of tourism has usually been considered a positive contribution to economic growth (Lim, 1997 Oh, 2005 cited on Chanchrat, 2011, p2).Since it is kept private, there will be forgone represent from not allowing the public access to the site and various parties will lose their potential benefit the property proprietor loses in admission fees, local community loses in the benefit from involving active economy in the site area, and the government loses tax income from the sellers and buyers of the economic activity.According to UNICCO it is challengeable to manage the future growth of the industry so as to minimise its negative impacts on the environment and emcee communities whilst maximising the benefits it brings in terms of jobs, wealth and support for local culture and industry, and protection of the built and natural environment (1999, p21 cited on Endresen, 1999, p2), just like it challenges to keep the heritage sites protected so as to get economic benefit from being open to public. It is obvious that we need to conserve the listed sites at its best by keeping it private but it is, also, spic-and-span for people at present to get explored of what the ancestors inherited for us, and learn from it to make better future which will be inherited to future generation for our children. It can be protected while the heritage sites being open to public via a number of ways as belowFirst of all, the industry and the stoolment should encourage the public awareness in regards to the importance of the heritage listed sites and the ways that we ca n result to protect them. By promoting education for the heritage sites with placing conservation materials at visitor centre will enable to increase public awareness in terms of the importance of those sites.Build capacity for cultural caution and protection of world heritage cultural asset Promote publi c awareness of the social value of world heritage sites and the importance of natural resources (MDGIF, 2012) .For instance there can be TV commercial and donation program promoted by UNESCO just like UNICEF charity program we often see on TV and on airlines that will enable people to aware its importance and for them to practice the good modal value when they visit those sites. Also by giving wrist band or badge to people who contributed donation, in recognition of their contribution which will increase the public awareness and helps for the fund needed to support the heritage listed sites.And also managing Heritage listed sites should be well -planned. By promoting publicity- developed plan that identifies appropriate takes and types of use and necessity with building environmental awareness, conserving local ecosystem that will result in generating the income and employment for the local communities (Alberta, 2012)Secondly, Responsible Tourism and sustainable Tourism should be encouraged.You can expect tourist numbers, visitor numbers to grow. And the high level of visitation should not damage the value of the site. So you should have a plan for sustainable tourism in the sites, for all the components (Bali Daily, 2012). Responsible Tourism refers to tourism that makes positive contributions to the conservation of natural and cultur al heritage embracing diversity and it believes individuals, organizations and communication channeles are asked to take responsibility for their actions and the impacts of their actions (Wikipedia, 2012). UNESCO states if tourism is undertaken responsibly, it can be a device driver for the preservation and conservation of cultural and natural heritage and a vehicle for sustainable developmentSustainable Tourism is tourism attempting to make as low impact on the environment and local culture as possible, while helping to generate future employment for local people ensure that development brings a positive experience for local people, tourism companies and the tourists themselves (Wikipedia, 2013). It also helps to meet the needs of the present tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing opportunity for the future (World Tourism Organization cited on Pedersen, 2002, p20). Sustainable tourism relies on the development and emphasizes the delivery of quality visitor experiences within not damaging any of the property values or cultural values. According to UNESCO (2013) it requires effective, cooperative commitment and coordination between site management and all relevant public agencies and private enterprises in order to achieve the sustainable and obligated tourism development and visitor management.For example, International Hotel & Restaurant Association (IH &RA) and International Hotels Environment Initiative (IHEI) have helped in raising the public awareness in terms of environmental issues and provided practical advice with Action Pack to assist hotels, and other various industry asso ciation have also supported with codes and guidelines that can promote Responsible Tourism (Endresen, 1999, p10).Thirdly, establish regulations. Government should establish appropriate regulations and tools to monitor and assess the heritage listed sites consistently in order to maintain them. Under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Act 1999 (EPBC Act), Governments may require their departments and agencies to have regard for heritage considerations in asset management decisionsOrganizations that have control of her itage assets also have a second service obligation. period they use assets in delivering their primary service, they are also responsible for the stewardship of the assets and protection of their significance for future generations The management of heritage assets should be viewed as an essential part of the management of the assets, rather than another problem and cost impost. Sustainable management of heritage values should be treated by an agency as part of its core business -GAMC, 2003, p13 cited on management of public historic heritage places, 2006, p193).In conclusion, tourism can impact on the heritage listed sites heavily either it damages heritage sites with unmanaged plans, conversely it makes a great contribution on conserving the sites as well as enabling the tradition to be alive from the network made. It is impeccable that organization manage any activities in relation to tour operation (travel agencies, airline s and government), should take into accounts in order to conserve the areas in relation to promoting public awareness of environmental issues. The business should be encouraged to design trip-packages that embrace nature resources and culture s. For example, star watch tour picture taking tour camping on the sites refurbish local old buildings for accommodation using solar powers and recycle water, composing and sorting the rubbish, to minimize the potential damage to the sites. It can be a good fancy to promo te rewarding system that allows entry for only certain organizations that practice the sustainability tourism, to the heritage sites and offer them a cheaper rate of loan for future business.ReferenceAbelson, P. 2000. Valuing the Public Benefits of Heritage Listing of Commercial Buildings, Availablehttp//www.appliedeconomics.com.au/pubs/reports/heritage.htm (accessed 13 Jan 2013).African World Heritage Fund. World Heritage Sites and Sustainable Tourism Situational Analysis Victoria move world heritage site, Report 2, Available http//awhf.net/documents/Tourism%20 -%20Report%202%20%20Victoria%20Falls%20World%20Heritage%20Site.pdf (accessed 13 Jan 2013). Alberta. 2012. 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